Arduino + DS1307 RTC+LCD1602 学习心得共享
做温度记录仪中用到几个巡检按键，之中感觉按键反应迟钝；感觉LCD1602刷新缓慢，占时多是主要原因之一。为此，想到一个概念:电视机屏幕刷新的一种方式是，只针应对图像中变化部位；故此，可以极大简化运行时长和难度。
在此，针对性调整LCD1602显示方式，见程序。
初始程序
#include <Wire.h>
#include <RTClib.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
RTC_DS1307 RTC;
const int rs = 9, en = 8, d4 = 7, d5 = 6, d6 = 5, d7 = 4;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
void setup ()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Wire.begin();
RTC.begin();
lcd.begin(16,2);
if (! RTC.isrunning()) //初次运行对DS1307初始化时间。此后不再运行。
{
Serial.println("RTC is NOT running!"); // following line sets the RTC to the date & time this sketch was compiled
RTC.adjust(DateTime(__DATE__, __TIME__));//此句经 if 选择后调用。
}
}
void loop ()
{
DateTime now = RTC.now();
Serial.print(now.year(), DEC);
Serial.print('/');
Serial.print(now.month(), DEC);
Serial.print('/');
Serial.print(now.day(), DEC);
Serial.print(' ');
Serial.print(now.hour(), DEC);
Serial.print(':');
Serial.print(now.minute(), DEC);
Serial.print(':');
Serial.println(now.second(), DEC);
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(now.year(), DEC);
lcd.print('/');
if (now.month()<10)
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(now.month(), DEC);
lcd.print('/');
if (now.day()<10)
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(now.day(), DEC);
lcd.setCursor(11,0);
if (now.hour()<10)
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(now.hour(), DEC);
lcd.print(':'); //此处每500ms亮灭一次，代替秒显示。
if (now.minute()<10)
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(now.minute(), DEC);
lcd.setCursor(0,1); //欢迎词显示
lcd.print("Tem Logger No.01");
delay(500);lcd.setCursor(13,0);lcd.print(' ');
delay(500);
/*******以下为主程序段 此处省略**********/
{ }
}
/*改进后程序*/
/*按键 弱上拉设置，测试
F功能键：
Y确认键：长按选择 时长设置/记录运行；短按调整时长 小时/分钟。
SD管脚配置
** MOSI - pin 11
** MISO - pin 12
** CLK - pin 13
** CS - pin 10
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SD.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
RTC_DS1307 RTC; //启动 RTC对象
//Lcd 库 配置
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
const int rs = 9, en = 8, d4 = 7, d5 = 6, d6 = 5, d7 = 4;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
void setup ()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Wire.begin();
RTC.begin();
if(!SD.begin(CS_PIN)){
digitalWrite(A3,1);delay(300);digitalWrite(A3,0);//响铃
}
//按键管脚状态设置
fourButton();
// 响应鸣叫管脚
pinMode(A3, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(A3,0);
//初次运行对DS1307时间初始化。此后不再运行。
if (! RTC.isrunning()){
RTC.adjust(DateTime(__DATE__, __TIME__)); //此句经 if 选择后调用。
}
DateTime Now = RTC.now();
//首行显示：年/月/日 小时：分钟。
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(Now.year(), DEC);
lcd.print('/');
if (Now.month()<10)
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.month(), DEC);
lcd.print('/');
if (Now.day()<10) //若数字小于2位数，前面加0
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.day(), DEC);
lcd.setCursor(11,0);
if (Now.hour()<10) //若数字小于2位数，前面加0
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.hour(), DEC);
lcd.print(':'); //此处每500ms亮灭一次，代替秒显示。见后面语句
if (Now.minute()<10) //若数字小于2位数，前面加0
lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.minute(), DEC);
old_minute = Now.minute();
old_hour = Now.hour();
old_day = Now.day();
old_month = Now.month();
old_year = Now.year();
}
void loop (){
DateTime Now = RTC.now();
lcd.setCursor(13,0);lcd.blink(); //首行秒':'光标闪烁
//时钟利用覆盖更新
if( Now.minute()!=old_minute ){ //分钟覆盖
lcd.setCursor(14,0);
if ( Now.minute()<10 )lcd.print('0'); //小于10补0
lcd.print(Now.minute(), DEC);
old_minute=Now.minute();
if(Now.hour()!=old_hour){ //小时覆盖 嵌套1
lcd.setCursor(11,0);
if (Now.hour()<10)lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.hour(), DEC);
old_hour=Now.hour();
if(Now.day()!=old_day){ //日期覆盖 嵌套2
lcd.setCursor(8,0);
if (Now.day()<10)lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.day(), DEC);
old_day=Now.day();
if( Now.month()!=old_month){ //月份覆盖 嵌套3
lcd.setCursor(5,0);
if (Now.month()<10) lcd.print('0');
lcd.print(Now.month(), DEC);
old_month=Now.month();
if(Now.year()!=old_year){ //年份覆盖 嵌套4
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(Now.year(), DEC);
old_year=Now.year();
}}}}}
/******以下为主程序段 此处省略******/
}
入门较浅，抛石引玉。也望大家都拿出心得共享。 第二段程序粘贴不利。还需各位指点。
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