【Z】Arduino也能驱动LED显示屏,LED业界标准Arduino驱动方案解析
本帖最后由 zzz 于 2013-6-29 17:08 编辑现在市面上有很多很多的LED显示屏,但大多都基于同一种,或者同一类型的驱动方式,简称08驱动方式,它内部有LED点阵,74HC595,以及138行扫芯片组成,但毫无例外的,是主控板都采用了STC方案,或者串口方案,而Arduino驱动却鲜有人用,今天,小Z就带了LED业界标准Arduino驱动方案的介绍与解析
市场上主流的显示屏有F3.75和F3.0两种,F后面代表的点阵屏单体LED的直径,而今天,小Z用的是F2.0的超密集进口点阵,显示效果个人很喜欢,下面是市场上常见的2种屏幕(F3.75 F3.0)和今天所使用的F2.0屏幕(分辨率均为16*64)的对比图,可以很轻松的看出大小的差别。
随后的重点便是行驱的模式,今天我推荐两种驱动模式,分别是16*16驱动模式,和16*64直接驱动模式,这两种模式各有特点,16*16即是汉字是一个一个取模,一个一个显示,而16*64是取模软件直接取出一幅完整的图像。如果是显示汉字的同学,推荐采用第一种,而显示图形的同学,推荐采用第二种。
下面,先把主体的演示代码发一下。
#define RowA 2
#define RowB 3
#define RowC 4
#define RowD 5
//业界所采用的ABCD 08驱动模式
int hc138en=6; //EN口
//使用了硬件SPI,以下脚不能更改
#define R1 11 //数据出 MOSI
#define CLK 13 //时钟 SCK
#define STB 10 //595 刷新显示SS
#define DATAIN12 //数据入,读FLASH时有用MISO
byte row=0;
byte zzz[] =
{
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xF1,0xFF,0xE3,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x00,
0xFF,0xF1,0xFF,0xE3,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0xE0,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0xE0,0x01,0xC0,0x03,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xC0,0x03,0x80,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x03,0x80,0x07,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x0E,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x38,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x38,0x00,0x70,0x00,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0xE0,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0xE0,0x01,0xC0,0x03,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xF1,0xFF,0xE3,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x00,
0xFF,0xF1,0xFF,0xE3,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
};
void spi_transfer(volatile char data)
{
SPDR = data; // Start the transmission
while (!(SPSR & (1<<SPIF))) // Wait the end of the transmission
{
};
//return SPDR; // return the received byte
}
void hc138sacn(byte r){//输出行线状态ABCD (A低,D高)
digitalWrite(RowA,(r & 0x01));
digitalWrite(RowB,(r & 0x02));
digitalWrite(RowC,(r & 0x04));
digitalWrite(RowD,(r & 0x08));
}
void hc595senddata(byte data){// 高位在前反相(1亮0灭)
for (byte i=0; i<8;i++) {
digitalWrite(CLK,0);
if (data & 0x80) {
digitalWrite(R1, 0);
} else {
digitalWrite(R1, 1);
}
data=data<<1;
digitalWrite(CLK,1);
}
}
void setup () {
pinMode(RowA, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RowB, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RowC, OUTPUT);
pinMode(RowD, OUTPUT); //138片选
pinMode(hc138en, OUTPUT); //138 使能
pinMode(R1, OUTPUT);//595 数据
pinMode(CLK, OUTPUT); //595 时钟
pinMode(STB, OUTPUT); //595 使能
pinMode(DATAIN, INPUT); //595 使能
//digitalWrite(hc138d, HIGH);
Serial.begin(19200);
//SPI硬件设置
// SPCR = 01010000
//interrupt disabled,spi enabled,msb 1st,master,clk low when idle,
//sample on leading edge of clk,system clock/4 rate (fastest)
SPCR = (1<<SPE)|(1<<MSTR);
delay(10);
}
void loop () {
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
// read the incoming byte:
row = Serial.read();
// say what you got:
Serial.print("I received: ");
Serial.println(row, DEC);
}
for(row=0;row<16;row++){
for (int i=0;i<8;i++){
spi_transfer(~(zzz));
}
digitalWrite(hc138en, 1);//关闭显示
hc138sacn(row); //换行
digitalWrite(STB, 0); //595刷新
digitalWrite(STB, 1);
delayMicroseconds(500) ; //节电用,
digitalWrite(hc138en, 0);//开启显示
delayMicroseconds(500) ;//刷新频率调,差不多60HZ,1/16间隔
}
}
从上面代码可以轻松的看出驱动原理并不复杂,其实就是把取模软件生成的字模,储存到一个数组里,然后调用arduino的硬件SPI通讯接口,把每8个LED看成是一个十六进制编码,然后一行一行的发送出去,发完一行后,再发出换行指令,就是这么简单。
置于16*16单个汉字取模显示,只要把主loop里的代码改为即可,其实就是简单的数学原理,把数组里的十六进制数按照一组一组提取显示而已~
for(row=0;row<16;row++){
for (int i=0;i<4;i++){//8片595
//硬件SPI发送8字节耗时:22US
spi_transfer(~(zzz));//硬件SPI
spi_transfer(~(zzz));//硬件SPI
}
取模软件请选择横向顺序扫描~下载在附件哦~
下面就是小Z做的演示品~主控为Arduino Tiny~欢迎大家根据此来完成各种有趣的Ardunio点阵屏作品~希望此文能给大家拓宽一定的思维~
对楼上所有的楼主和访客表示感谢,提供了很多有用的资料。
我在此基础上实现了64*32LED阵列的显示,但是问题是用软件SPI刷新速度跟不上,屏幕呈闪烁状态。顾想通过软硬SPI一起执行,提高速率。但是失败了。用了硬件SPI就没法用软件SPI,用了软件SPI就没法用硬件SPI。(我对SPI通信不是很懂)望各位能不能提供好的方法提高刷新速度。
PS:刷 64 * 16 还算可以,可是64 * 32 就 不行了。
附上代码:
int R1=11;
int R2=9;
int STR=10;
int CLK=13;
int EN=6;
int dig0=2;
int dig2=3;
int dig4=4;
int dig8=5;
//int i,m;
unsigned char jj,j;
int down = 0;
int row_ = 0;
void setup()
{
pinMode(R1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(R2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(STR,OUTPUT);
pinMode(CLK,OUTPUT);
pinMode(EN,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dig0,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dig2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dig4,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dig8,OUTPUT);
//Serial.begin(19200);
//SPCR = (1<<SPE)|(1<<MSTR);
//delay(10);
}
unsigned char zi[]={
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFD,0xFE,0x1E,0x01,0xBF,0x7F,0x7F,0x7F,0xFD,0xFD,0xEF,0xFD,0xBE,0xFF,0x7F,0x7F,
0xF9,0xFB,0xF7,0xFB,0xBD,0xFF,0x7F,0x7F,0xFA,0xFB,0xFF,0xF7,0xBB,0xFF,0x6F,0x7B,
0x87,0x0D,0xFF,0xEF,0xB7,0xFF,0x70,0x07,0xEF,0xBE,0x1F,0xDF,0xAB,0xFF,0x7C,0x1F,
0xF7,0x7F,0xEF,0xDF,0x9D,0xFF,0x7E,0x3F,0xF7,0x7F,0xF7,0xBF,0xBD,0xFF,0x7C,0x1F,
0xF0,0x7B,0xF7,0x7F,0xBE,0xEF,0x7D,0xDF,0xF7,0x7D,0xEE,0xFF,0xBF,0x6F,0x7B,0xEF,
0xEF,0xBE,0x1E,0x01,0xBF,0xB0,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xED,0xB7,0xFE,0xFF,0xFD,0xFF,0x90,0x07,0xE5,0x37,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFF,0xDF,0xF7,
0xF5,0xE0,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x03,0xFF,0xF7,0xC8,0x2F,0xDF,0xFD,0xBF,0xFB,0x60,0x37,
0xF1,0xCE,0xF8,0x07,0xF3,0x3F,0x6F,0xB7,0xCC,0x4E,0xFF,0xCF,0xE7,0xCF,0x6F,0xB7,
0xFB,0xF5,0xFF,0xBF,0x9F,0xE3,0x60,0x37,0xC0,0x75,0xFF,0x7F,0x3F,0xF9,0x6F,0xB7,
0xEE,0xF9,0x80,0x00,0xC0,0x07,0x6F,0xB7,0xEE,0xFB,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFF,0x60,0x37,
0xF1,0xF5,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFF,0x6F,0xF7,0xF0,0x4C,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFF,0x7F,0xF7,
0xCE,0x9F,0x78,0x7F,0x80,0x03,0x7F,0x87,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF
};
void row1(int i)
{
digitalWrite(dig0,(i&0x01));
digitalWrite(dig2,(i&0x02));
digitalWrite(dig4,(i&0x04));
digitalWrite(dig8,(i&0x08));
}
void spi_transfer(volatile char data)
{
SPDR = data; // Start the transmission
while (!(SPSR & (1<<SPIF))) // Wait the end of the transmission
{
};
//return SPDR; // return the received byte
}
void sendbyte(byte bbyte1){// 高位在前 反相(1亮0灭)
for (byte i=0; i<8;i++) {
digitalWrite(CLK,0);
if ( bbyte1 & 0x80) {
digitalWrite(R1, 1);
} else {
digitalWrite(R1, 0);
}
bbyte1= bbyte1<<1;
digitalWrite(CLK,1);
}
}
void sendbyte2(byte bbyte1){// 高位在前 反相(1亮0灭)
for (byte i=0; i<8;i++) {
digitalWrite(CLK,0);
if ( bbyte1 & 0x80) {
digitalWrite(R2, 1);
} else {
digitalWrite(R2, 0);
}
bbyte1= bbyte1<<1;
digitalWrite(CLK,1);
}
}
void loop()
{
unsigned char row,m,k;
for(row=0;row<16;row++){
for (int i=0;i<8;i++){
sendbyte(zi);
}
// for(row=0;row<16;row++){
//
// for (int i=0;i<8;i++){
// //spi_transfer((zi));
// }
down++;
digitalWrite(EN,1);
row1(row);
digitalWrite(STR,0);
digitalWrite(STR,1);
delayMicroseconds(0);
digitalWrite(EN,0);
delayMicroseconds(0);
}
for(row=0;row<16;row++){
for (int i=0;i<8;i++){
sendbyte2(zi);
}
down++;
digitalWrite(EN,1);
row1(row);
digitalWrite(STR,0);
digitalWrite(STR,1);
delayMicroseconds(0);
digitalWrite(EN,0);
delayMicroseconds(0);
}
down = 0;
}
不错不错,我的就是stc的{:soso_e113:}
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDYyMzg1MjIw.html
现丑了 LZ几个屏哪里买的,喜欢那个小点的,我这个太大个头 其实我开始时候就是arduino控制的,2560 ,竟然忘了,后来改了stc,stc有点吃力,但是安装方便
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzk3NzMwNzg0.html
最大可以驱动多少点阵? tingjie 发表于 2013-6-29 18:04 static/image/common/back.gif
最大可以驱动多少点阵?
同问 分辨率64*128的可以驱动不? tingjie 发表于 2013-6-29 18:04 static/image/common/back.gif
最大可以驱动多少点阵?
理论上arduino的刷新速度足够,稍微的改下代码中的行扫和列扫就行了~ 可以滚屏么? pww999 发表于 2013-6-30 10:17 static/image/common/back.gif
可以滚屏么?
基础程序放在这里了。。其他的随便自己加把~~~~ 希望arduino越做越好 是不是不该放在这啊,如果惹LZ不高兴希望版主给删掉,继续问LZ,你的显示屏都是TB买的吗 不错。挺好的,希望arduino越做越好 楼主给个硬件链接呗、、、
楼主有原理图么?
wangku001wei 发表于 2013-7-2 18:16 static/image/common/back.gif
楼主有原理图么?
呃,等会我找找,应该有